Obesity
Every day we consume this or that food, but we do not even suspect what harm or benefit it brings to our body. Ice cream, juice, bun, soup or cutlet – each of these products has its own energy value: calories.
Some people count calories to myfastweightloss.net, others do not even pay attention to their amount. But it is from what we eat that valuable substances and energy enter our body, which is often deposited in the form of fat.
A healthy person contains 10-20 kg of pure fat. Given its high calorie content, it can be calculated that people have a constant supply of “fuel” of about 100-180 thousand kilocalories. This is enough to provide the body’s energy needs for 40 days. But since fat is constantly consumed for various needs, the body has to replenish it, and our supply is replenished due to the deposition of this very fat under the skin
We see obese people every day. They are found everywhere: on public transport, on the street, in shops, hospitals, educational institutions. This disease has long been widespread, and the number of sick people is increasing from year to year. That is why this topic is very relevant in our time and cannot be ignored by the public.
Obesity – fat deposition, weight gain due to adipose tissue. Adipose tissue can be deposited both in places of physiological deposits and in the area of the mammary glands, thighs, and abdomen.
There are various methods for determining obesity in both men and women, but the tables and the Body Mass Index are the most effective.
If everything is clear with the tables, then BMI needs to be calculated. It’s very simple, you just need to divide your weight by your height squared, but your height must be in meters.
There is another very important indicator for health – this is the waist circumference. It can be used to judge how susceptible a person is to diseases associated with obesity.
In addition, the so-called obesity phenotype is distinguished, that is, the appearance:
1. Gynoid – with the distribution of adipose tissue mainly in the femoral- buttock region. (type “pear”)
2. Android – the distribution of fatty tissue in the abdomen (apple type). It is also called the visceral type of obesity, it is the most dangerous to health.
2. Forms and obesity stage
There are 3 main forms of obesity. Each of them has its own causes, symptoms and consequences. So, the first form – obesity – is simple obesity or constitutionally exogenous.
The reason is hereditary predisposition and systematic overeating.
Disease symptoms:
The main symptom is overweight. In advanced stages, which occur with long-term overeating, complications such as the appearance of stretch marks on the skin, dysfunctions of various organs, including sexual function, and increased blood pressure may develop.
The second form – Cerebral obesity
It develops against the background of the existing pathology of the brain, for example, cerebral palsy-infantile cerebral palsy, various hereditary diseases associated with mental retardation.
Disease symptoms:
It is very difficult to treat due to mental retardation. The condition is accompanied by gluttony, lack of self-criticism.
The third form is Hypothalamic syndrome of puberty.
Its causes are changes in the hormonal levels of the body. Among adolescents, it is detected in approximately 83% of cases. In girls, this type of obesity occurs 10 times more often than in boys.
Disease symptoms:
The main symptom is overweight. The disease is accompanied by the appearance of sprains (“stretch marks”) on the abdomen, thighs, buttocks, chest, armpits; such neuropsychic changes as irritability, tearfulness, insomnia, headaches, increased fatigue, frequent mood swings, anxiety, low self-esteem, impaired memory and learning.
With each form of obesity, you should reduce your weight as much as possible, otherwise in the future there is a high probability of developing serious complications.
2. Causes of Obesity
Obesity develops in different people for different reasons, but the main ones are
– imbalance between food intake and energy expended, that is, increased food intake and reduced energy expenditure;
– obesity of non-endocrine pathology appears due to disturbances in the systems of the pancreas, liver, small and large intestines;
– genetic disorders.
1.4 Consequences of obesity:
This disease leads to an increased risk of various diseases.
Polycystic ovary syndrome
Polyendocrine syndrome, accompanied by impaired ovarian function (absence or irregularity of ovulation, increased secretion of androgens and estrogens), pancreas (insulin hypersecretion), adrenal cortex (adrenal androgen hypersecretion), hypothalamus and pituitary gland.
Symptoms:
1. Irregular, infrequent menstruation.
2. The appearance of stretch marks (stretch stripes) on the skin of the abdomen, thighs, buttocks, as a result of a rapid increase in body weight against the background of hormonal imbalance.
3. An increase in the size of the ovaries by 1.5-3 times due to the emergence of many small cysts.
Complications and consequences of polycystic ovary syndrome:
1. Breast cancer.
2. Cardiovascular disease, myocardial infarction, stroke.
Data from a number of researchers indicate that women with polycystic ovary have an increased risk of miscarriage or premature birth, not carrying a pregnancy. In addition, many women with this syndrome are unable to conceive or have difficulty conceiving due to irregular menstruation and the absence or infrequent ovulation. However, with proper treatment, these women can normally conceive, carry and give birth to a healthy child.
Arthritis
All types of arthritis are accompanied by pain, the nature of which depends on the type of arthritis. Also, arthritis is characterized by redness of the skin, limitation of mobility in the joint, and a change in its shape. Joints that are often prone to disease crackle unnaturally under stress. A person with arthritis may find it difficult to use physical force.
Diabetes
The disease is characterized by a chronic course and violation of all types of metabolism: carbohydrate, fat, protein, mineral and water-salt, as well as an increased blood sugar level. In addition to humans, some animals, such as cats, are also susceptible to this disease.
2. Prevention of obesity
The most effective and simple remedy for a healthy life is disease prevention. Only timely intervention can save you from many diseases.
Correct and healthy eating involves following simple and accessible rules.
1 Eat on time, do not overeat
2 do not drink tap water, but use high-quality water filters
3 do not eat dry food.
4 You should eat 5 times a day
5 Do not snack or eat if you have less than 20 minutes to eat.
Instead of losing weight later, it is much easier to maintain a healthy weight. The basis of nutrition is not its calorie content, but balance
Fatty, sweet and flour foods should be avoided.
1.6 Treatment of obesity: traditional and non-traditional methods
Traditional treatment
Treatment of diseases is always more difficult than prevention. Unfortunately, even successful treatment of a neglected ailment, especially such as obesity, always has dire consequences.
What will help you lose weight?
1. Physical activity, gymnastics, movement regimen, massage, etc.
3. The use of medicinal diuretic herbs, diuretics. They are prescribed because adipose tissue has the property of retaining water, but this method is rarely resorted to due to its low efficiency, short-term effect, and also because of the possible development of serious disorders of electrolyte metabolism in the body.
4. In extreme cases of obesity, to create a quick cosmetic effect, surgical treatment is used (removal of the greater omentum, the method of aspiration of subcutaneous fat – liposuction). The methods of medical fasting and surgical intervention are used in a hospital setting, but they are not harmless.
Alternative treatment for obesity
Autogenic training
Probably, many people remember Gerald Bazhenov’s film “The Most Charming and Attractive” where the main character uttered certain verbal formulations – this is autogenic training. Its essence is in the automatic repetition (up to 30 times) of the same formula, consisting of several phrases. That is, a person should set himself up for a positive result and always praise even small victories in the fight against extra pounds. After autogenous training, a person needs some rest for a while (5-7 minutes). These phrases are best repeated before bed and immediately after waking up, as they will be more effective.
Juice treatment
Freshly squeezed juices of various vegetables, fruits and berries can also help during weight loss, as they contain a large amount of nutrients that help a person burn fat. For example, lingonberry, cranberry and cherry juice should be drunk on an empty stomach, 1 glass per day, and beetroot and potato juice – 0.5 glasses per day. Freshly squeezed pineapple, pamela or grapefruit juice should be drunk 30 minutes before a meal, 1 glass each.
All this must be done unquestioningly, and then a person suffering from obesity will be able to achieve the desired result and consolidate it for many years.
Remember one important thing – obesity is a very dangerous disease that is constantly progressing and if it is not treated, then serious complications or even death can subsequently develop.
And most importantly: take good care of your health, because it is given once for a lifetime.
2.1 Monitoring the weight and height of students of the MOAU “Gymnasium of Arts”
We have processed the data of grades 10-11 of our gymnasium students. Of the 44 people whose data were processed, 1 has a Body Mass Index above normal and 6 below. The data of students in grades 5-9 did not participate in the monitoring, as their weight and height are constantly changing. But from the data reviewed, there were no significant deviations in BMI indicators. However, in three people, BMI is slightly higher than normal.
2.2. Conclusion on monitoring the weight and height of students MOAU “Gymnasium of Arts”
According to the accepted standards of the Body Mass Index, almost all high school students have weight within the normal range. In this regard, we can conclude that 3 hours of physical education per week, sports events, hiking and active choreography help maintain muscle tone close to balance and prevent the development of obesity.
Conclusion
Remember one important thing – obesity is a very dangerous disease that is constantly progressing and if it is not treated, then serious complications or even death can subsequently develop.
In order to improve the health of students, our school conducts fun, stress relieving starts; outdoor games, out-of-town hikes; training with the involvement of students. And also take part in city competitions in volleyball, tennis, athletics, checkers, military-patriotic events. All this fills your free time with interesting and healthy activities, and at the same time, distracts from bad habits. The main thing is that children and adolescents perform a certain set of physical culture and health-improving procedures: exercises at home, gymnastics before classes, physical breaks during sports hours, physical education lessons, classes in sports sections, independent physical exercises, etc. The main efforts should be aimed at ensuring that students participated in these procedures. As a result, the work done can be considered effective.